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El principal factor de riesgo de la EPOC es el hábito de fumar. Otros factores de riesgo para la EPOC incluyen exposición prolongada a otros irritantes pulmonares, u otras condiciones médicas como la deficiencia de alfa-1-antitripsina (AAT).

Factores de riesgo para sobrepeso y obesidad incluyen hábitos de estilo de vida poco saludables como la falta de actividad física, conductas de alimentación poco saludables, cantidad insuficiente de sueño, niveles altos de estrés, tener cierta edad, vivir en ambientes poco saludables, tener antecedentes familiares, ser de cierta raza o etnia o ser de un cierto sexo.

El tratamiento para el sobrepeso y la obesidad depende de la causa y la gravedad de la afección. Tratamientos posibles para alcanzar un peso saludable incluyen cambios saludables en el estilo de vida, programas de tratamiento de modificación de conducta para adelgazar, medicamentos y posiblemente cirugía.

Si le han diagnosticado sobrepeso y obesidad, es importante que no interrumpa el tratamiento, trate de alcanzar un peso saludable, continúe su programa de modificación de conducta para adelgazar y acuda a controles con su médico para que evalúen su condición and su riesgo de desarrollar complicaciones.

Holter and event monitors are small, portable electrocardiogram devices that record your heart’s electrical activity for long periods of time while you do your normal activities. These monitors can record how fast your heart is beating, whether the rhythm of your heartbeats is steady or irregular, and the strength and timing of the electrical impulses passing through each part of your heart.

A cardiac MRI is a painless imaging test that uses radio waves, magnets, and a computer to create detailed pictures of your heart.

A cough is your body’s natural reflex to help clear your airways of irritants and prevent infection.

Heart transplant is surgery that removes a diseased heart and replaces it with a healthy heart from a deceased donor to improve your quality of life and increase your lifespan. Most heart transplants are done on patients who have end-stage heart failure, a condition in which your heart is severely damaged or weakened, and on people who have failed other treatment options.

Fanconi anemia is an inherited disease caused by mutations in certain genes, known as FA genes. These genes provide instructions to help the body repair certain types of DNA damage. The cells of healthy people often repair DNA damage, but cells affected by Fanconi anemia cannot make these repairs. In people who have Fanconi anemia, certain cells may die or stop working properly.

Aplastic anemia occurs because of damage to stem cells inside bone marrow, which is the sponge-like tissue within your bones. Many diseases and conditions can damage the stem cells in bone marrow. As a result, the bone marrow makes fewer red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.