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En general, los beneficios de la actividad física que se practica con regularidad superan los riesgos. En raras ocasiones se presentan problemas del corazón, como por ejemplo, arritmias, paro cardíaco súbito y ataque cardíaco. Estos problemas ocurren generalmente en personas que ya tienen enfermedades del corazón, como enfermedad coronaria y enfermedad congénita del corazón. Debe preguntarle siempre a su médico qué tipo y qué cantidad de actividad física puede realizar sin peligro.

Las investigaciones indican que la enfermedad coronaria comienza cuando ciertos factores lesionan las capas internas de las arterias coronarias. La acumulación de placa o los coágulos de sangre pueden estrechar gravemente o bloquear las arterias coronarias, lo cual reduce el flujo de sangre rica en oxígeno que llega al corazón.

La actividad física es parte de un estilo de vida saludable para el corazón.

Physical activity is one part of a heart-healthy lifestyle.

Early treatment for a heart attack can prevent or limit damage to the heart muscle. Act fast by calling 9–1–1 at the first symptoms of a heart attack. Immediate treatments include aspirin, nitroglycerin, oxygen therapy, and treatment for chest pain. Your doctor may initiate treatment to restore blood flow through the blood vessels supplying the heart, such as clot-busting medicines and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Other treatments include medicines, medical procedures, heart-healthy lifestyle changes, and cardiac rehabilitation.

To diagnose hypersensitivity pneumonitis, your doctor will collect your medical history, assess exposure history to possible causative substances, perform a physical exam, and possibly order diagnostic tests and procedures such as: blood tests, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), computed tomography (CT), inhalation challenge tests, lung biopsies, lung function tests, precipitin tests, or chest x-rays.

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis is caused by repeated exposure to environmental substances that cause inflammation in the lungs when inhaled. Substances include: bacteria, fungi or molds, proteins, or chemicals.

Treatments for atherosclerosis may include heart-healthy lifestyle changes, medicines, and medical procedures or surgery—such as percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), or carotid endarterectomy.

Signs and symptoms vary between acute, subacute, and chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis and may include flu-like illness including fever, chills, muscle or joint pain, or headaches; rales; cough; chronic bronchitis; shortness of breath; anorexia or weight loss; fatigue; fibrosis of the lungs; or clubbing of fingers or toes. Complications of chronic disease may include irreversible lung damage, permanently reduced lung function, pulmonary hypotension, or heart failure.

Routine physical activity and reduction in sedentary lifestyle can improve physical fitness, lower many heart disease risk factors such as bad LDL cholesterol levels and increasing good HDL cholesterol levels in the blood, controlling high blood pressure, and helping you lose excess weight.